The antenna gain is normally defined as the
increase in power radiated by an antenna in a particular
direction compared to a reference dipole, or a reference isotropic
radiator. Antenna gain is normally obtained by making
an antenna directional by altering its radiation pattern so that
most of the radiation is transmitted in a certain direction.
The antenna gain plays an important part in
the ultimate performance of a system and is closely associated
with the transmitted power and the receiver sensitivity employed. The
maximum power gain obtainable in practice is usually restricted by
various factors such as antenna size, weight and the need
for mobility.